JODHPUR: Dance of Gypsy

THOUSAND AND ONE NIGHTS TO DANCE IN RAJASTHAN

1. GHOOMAR: INTERNATIONALLY RECOGNISED FOR ITS DEPICTION IN THE MOVIE ‘PADMAVAT’

Ghoomar is one of the most popular folk dances of Rajasthan, once performed as entertainment for royalty. Introduced by the Bhil tribe, and later adopted by royal communities including the Rajputs, it is performed by women on festivals and special events such as Holi, Teej, and the arrival of a newlywed bride at her marital house. The women wear traditional outfits, a ghagra (a long, swirling skirt) and kanchli or choli (a blouse). To complete the ensemble an odhani (a veil) is draped,  covering the face. The beauty of this folk genre lies in its graceful movements that involve swaying hands, clapping and twirling around, while singing the traditional songs set to traditional musical instruments. The coordinated movement among the dancers and their whirling outfits, coupled with the upbeat rhythm and music, leave spectators mesmerised. It’s hugely popular in places like Udaipur, Kota, Bundi and Jodhpur. Often you will be asked to join in too. 

2. KALBELIA: RECOGNISED BY UNESCO AS AN INTANGIBLE CULTURAL HERITAGE

Kalbelia (or Kalbeliya), a folk dance of Rajasthan is popularly known as “Sapera Dance” or the “Snake Charmer Dance” since its movements are almost serpentine. The tribal community Kalbelia created the dance. It is a beautiful dance form where women wear their traditional costume: an angrakhi (a jacket-like garment), odhani (veil), and a black swirling ghagra (long skirt). They dance sensuously, in formations that curl around each other to mimic the movement of a snake. The dances are set to music played by men using traditional instruments such as the dholak (a two-headed drum), khanjari (percussion instrument), and pungi (a woodwind instrument). There are other traditional musical instruments that are used too, like the dufli, morchang and khuralio. The songs are based on stories taken from folklore and mythology. Jodhpur, Jaisalmer, Bikaner, Barmer, Jalore, Jaipur, and Pushkar are some of the best places to enjoy this dance form.

3. BHAVAI: A DANCE FORM THAT TAKES YEARS TO MASTER

Bhavai, a ritualistic folk dance of Rajasthan, is usually performed by women belonging to the Kalbelia, Jat, Meena, Bhil or Kumhar tribal communities of the state. It takes many years to master this dance, which involves women balancing eight to nine earthen pots or brass pitchers on their head as they dance and twirl with their feet gripping the sides of a glass or a brass plate (sometimes even the edge of a sword). The dance is accompanied by male performers singing and playing instruments such as the harmonium, sarangi and dholak. It takes great effort and hard work to perform this dance.  And you can watch some of the best performances in Jodhpur, Jaipur and Bikaner.

4. KACHHI GHODI: RETELLING THE TALES OF THE LOCAL BANDITS WITH MOCK FIGHTS

Kachhi Ghodi is a famous folk dance performed by Rajasthani men, originating in the Shekhawati region of Rajasthan. The dance enacts tales of local bandits, conveyed through mock sword fights. Men wear different traditional attire like a dhoti, with turbans and kurtas, and pretend to ride a decorated dummy horse. The whole dance is meant to be a  symbolic show of chivalry and bravery. The soundtrack is defined by the flute. Mostly performed during weddings or social events, you can watch the dance especially in the. Shekhawati region, as well as Jaipur and Udaipur. 

5. GAIR: PERFORMED ON MAJOR FESTIVALS LIKE JANMASHTAMI AND HOLI

Gair is another amongst the famous folk dances of Rajasthan originating from the Bhil community. Both men and women dance together, featuring attractive movements, traditional instruments, and colourful outfits. The men wear a full-length tunic-like skirt carrying a stick, sword and arrow, while the women wear ghagra-choli. Folk music is played on various traditional instruments, while the dancers move in clockwise and anti-clockwise directions, swinging their arms to powerful drum beats. This dance form is performed in the Mewar region. However, its variations like the Dandi Gair and Geendad are also found in the Marwar and Shekhawati regions too. 

6. CHARI: SYMBOLISING JOY AS WELL AS A RITUAL OF COLLECTING WATER IN A CHARI (POT)

The Chari is a traditional folk dance form of Rajasthan emerging from the Saini community in the Ajmer and the Gujjar communities of Kishagarh. It’s performed by women for special occasions like weddings, festivals. Women dressed in traditional outfits dance while balancing brass pots (chari) with a lit lamp inside on their heads, while also doing different stunts around the floor with ease. Musical accompaniments include the nagada, dholak and harmonium. You can catch it  in Ajmer and Kishangarh. 

7. KATHPUTLI : THE FAMOUS PUPPET DANCE

Termed after the words Kath meaning “wood” and putli meaning “doll with no life”, Kathputli is a famous puppet dance show, started by the Bhat tribal community of Rajasthan several 1,000 years ago. Kathputli are usually made of mango wood and stuffed with cotton. These puppets are generally one and half feet in height and are made in Sawai-Madhopur, Bari and Udaipur. The puppets are controlled and manoeuvred by the puppeteers via strings attached to the puppets’ limbs. The puppeteers are also the singers, giving the Kathputli dance a distinctive flavour as they sing out stories from Indian folklore and mythology. Some of them are also parables addressing current social problems. New Delhi has an area known as Kathputli Colony, in Shadipur Depot, where puppeteers have settled in since centuries. Bhartiya Lok Kala Mandal in Udaipur, founded by Devilal Samar in 1952, and Rupayan Sansthan in Jodhpur founded by Vijaydan Detha and Komal Kothari in 1960, are both noteworthy institutions working in the field to preserve and promote the art of Kathputli. The best place to enjoy this folk dance of Rajasthan is in the Marwar region.

8. CHANG: THE CENTREPIECE OF RAJASTHAN’S HOLI FESTIVAL

Chang is one of the enthusiastic folk dances that originated from the Shekhawati region (Bikaner, Churu, Jhunjhunu and Sikar) in Rajasthan. Also known as Dhamal, the highlight of this dance form is the fast-paced rhythmic beats of the chang instrument (a type of tambourine), whose beats dictate the dance performed by men as well as their songs. Another notable feature is that some men dress up like women— donning traditional attire and performing the ghoomar— making it fascinating to watch. This dance form is performed from the start of Maha Shivaratri festival to the end of Dhulandi (the day after Holi) to celebrate the defeat of evil. The best place to enjoy this Rajasthani folk dance is in the Shekhawati region.

9. DANDIYA: COLOURFUL PERFORMANCE WITH STICKS

Performed with sticks known as dandiya, Dandiya is a colourful folk dance form of Rajasthan performed by both men and women. The dance works with pairs and so the group must contain an even number. It is an eight-beat time cycle called kaherva, and the lines move clockwise—each person steps forward to hit sticks with their partner, then moves on to the next person, switching partners. For the movement to be continuous, each person at the end of the line turns and joins the line opposite them. This dance form is mostly performed during festivals and marriages. Almost all places in Rajasthan are known for Dandiya especially Jaipur.

10. TERAH TAAL: AN ANCIENT FOLK DANCE

Sitting on the floor before Baba Ramdeo’s image, the ancient folk dance of Rajasthan Terah Taal is performed by the women from the Kamada tribe. The dance begins with 13 manjeeras (brass discs) that are attached to different parts of the dancer’s body. When the dancer moves, these discs make rhythmic sounds. Often a sword and a pot are also used by dancers to make the whole performance that much more attractive. The male artists play different instruments like the pakhwaja, dholak, jhanjhar, sarangi and harmonium, and sing local Rajasthani folk songs. This is one of the folk dances of Rajasthan that is performed during almost all popular festivals in Rajasthan. Some of the best places to witness this dance form are Ramdevra, Dindwana, Dungarpur and Udaipur. 

11. THE FIRE DANCE: ENTHRALLING, DIFFICULT AND DANGEROUS

Depicting the lifestyles of the Jasnathis of Churu and Bikaner district, the Fire dance is a dangerous and difficult Rajasthani folk dance form, carried out by the Banjara community on festive occasions like Holi and Janmashtami. The dancers move to drum beats on top of a flaming bed of charcoal, performing breathtaking fire stunts holding fire rods in their hands, producing flames from their mouths. The dancers also twirl the fire rods on their heads and legs. It is performed mostly through cold nights in winter and has a terrifying appeal  to it. The dancers are so talented and move so fast, that they never have any burn marks or wounds after their performance. Bikaner, Jodhpur, Jaisalmer, and Jaipur are some of the best places to catch this dance.

Source: Travel.Earth >>